We completed a comprehensive review of existing national legislation and regulations which govern geothermal energy utilisation in Kazakhstan. We reviewed legal, regulatory, permitting, monitoring, data collection, and institutional frameworks which govern the geothermal sub-sector to identify gaps and shortcomings inhibiting the use of geothermal resources. Based on the gap analysis, our Team - with the assistance of technical and international consultants - provided recommendations covering legal, institutional, tariff, monitoring, licencing, and permitting aspects.

The World Bank

Kazakhstan Geothermal Sector:
Regulatory and Institutional Review
MENU
In terms of low-temperature geothermal resources, Kazakhstan has a huge potential to tap into. This is a key renewable energy sector suitable for district heating purposes as well as other uses. The Project delivered to the World Bank is significant and unique because of a relatively uncommon nature of geothermal energy across Central Asia. Unicase was the first law firm to review this sub-sector, indicate gaps, and provide relevant recommendations to ameliorate the regulatory framework of geothermal energy in Kazakhstan.
The main challenge was Kazakhstan's regulatory environment relating to the geothermal industry or, rather, the absence thereof. This directly affects the industry development: geothermal regulation is barely explored and studied. The Government turned to the Bank for exploring the way geothermal resources could be used to ‘green’ the district heating. The green heating is crucial for Kazakhstan because of the Environmental Social Governance pilot plus adopted decarbonisation policy, and Unicase had been one of the first law firms to make contributions ensuing further steps to develop the sector.
Impact & Outcome
Unicase contribution in the form of barriers identification and stakeholders communication establishment will help the country to introduce first geothermal projects in the electricity and heating sectors, which will become one of the major breakthroughs in renewable energy development.
Cases
Currently, the Kazakhstan Energy Ministry, a number of other government agencies, the Unicase Law Firm, and Samruk-Energy JSC are implementing a whole range of measures aimed at improving the conditions for investment projects in hydroelectric power plants construction.
We helped the European largest wind power plant manufacturer, a Danish company Vestas, on entering the Kazakhstan market and starting a large-scale investment programme.
Unicase proved its effectiveness in reviewing, amending, and developing national legislation and regulations for heat supply, including taxation and heat tariffs.
Sustainable energy supply affects the local energy market and regulation, wind and solar power generation, power transmission and distribution grids, energy storage and sustainable energy use.
We completed a comprehensive review of existing national legislation and regulations which govern geothermal energy utilisation in Kazakhstan.
Being current on market developments, we advised a Chinese Investment Fund and a Leading Chinese Law Firm on a wide range of subsoil use operations regulatory matters, state approvals, land, and environmental legal issues, to support the Fund in its investments into a large hydrocarbon mine in Kazakhstan.
We rendered full legal support to Zhetysu Wolfram LLP, carrying out mining operations on the Boguty deposit and producing the highest quality tungsten concentrate.
We ran a due diligence on the Client company and issued a legal opinion on the financing to be provided by the Kazakhstan Development Bank for a 50 MW wind power plant.
Our Experts supported the second largest renewable energy corporation in the world during acquisition and project development of a 206 MW wind farm project.
The Unicase Team made a comprehensive analysis of electricity tariff formation and balancing electricity services for regulating the capacity of large and small hydroelectric power plants in Kazakhstan.
We advised a global leader in electricity supply machinery and hardware on the first-ever auction in Kazakhstan for the construction of regulated energy generation facilities. 
The Team provided legal services to the country's largest gas pipeline owner, which is the only route for gas exports from Kazakhstan to China.
We provided the Client with legal advisory services within a pilot project on building and operating a 100-megawatt solar power plant, based on a private bilateral sleeved PPA mechanism.
We assisted the international corporation in reviewing, amending, and developing the existing national legislation and regulations of the RES, including taxation and auctions.
Unicase provided consultancy services to a Chinese the oil and gas company as part of a consortium of transborder companies for the construction of a comprehensive gas production project with an estimated value of 500 million USD
Unicase team provides comprehensive legal support for the investment project of Almaty Power Plants JSC, a subsidiary of Samruk-Energy JSC which holds 100% of the company's stocks, on modernise Almaty TPP-2 with a focus on minimising the environmental impact.
Unicase provides legal services in the framework of an energy capacity building project for competitive procurement in the hydropower industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Unicase provides legal services in the framework of an energy capacity building project for competitive procurement in the hydropower industry in the Republic of Uzbekistan.